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H&B Neurolife
Procedure

GMFM — Gross Motor Function Measure

International gold standard for quantitative assessment of gross motor function in CP: progress is visible in scores.

30–60 minutes
duration
single session
course
immediately
effect
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Description

How the procedure works

GMFM (Gross Motor Function Measure) is an internationally standardized instrument for assessing gross motor function in children, primarily those with cerebral palsy (CP). It is the gold standard in international CP rehabilitation practice. The scale includes a series of tasks across several dimensions: lying and rolling; sitting; crawling and kneeling; standing; walking, running, and jumping. Scoring each task delivers a quantitative picture of the child's motor capabilities.

At H&B Neurolife International Rehabilitation Center (Shangrao), the GMFM is used in the initial assessment of children with CP and related motor disorders, and in regular reassessment during a rehabilitation course. For CP the minimum recommended comprehensive rehabilitation course is 2–3 months, and the GMFM allows progress to be tracked in points — a critical capability for long, staged work. Assessment results directly define the emphases of the PT program, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, occupational therapy, and TCM methods (pediatric acupuncture, Tui Na — one of the center's key offerings for motor disorders).

Advantages of this scale as delivered by the center: international gold standard for motor assessment in CP; quantitative objectivity — progress is visible in scores; granular — assessment across several dimensions of motor development; supports regular reassessment as a standard monitoring tool; direct link to the PT and neuromuscular electrical stimulation program.

What matters for parents

GMFM is a quantitative instrument: progress is visible in scores. This provides an objective picture of how the program is working and supports evidence-based decisions about continuing, adjusting, or moving on to the next stage. With CP the work is long-staged — regular GMFM measurements help families see progress and stay motivated on the journey.

1

Preparing the child and collecting history

Conversation with parents, motor history (form and severity of CP, prior interventions, current abilities), assessment of the child's readiness before testing.

2

Administering the GMFM protocol

Standardized assessment across dimensions: lying and rolling; sitting; crawling and kneeling; standing; walking, running, jumping. Each task is performed and scored on a graded scale.

3

Scoring per dimension

Specialists process the results, calculate scores per dimension and the overall profile. This delivers a quantitative picture of motor capabilities.

4

Report and selection of a PT program

The report directly defines program emphases — PT, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, occupational therapy, TCM (acupuncture, Tui Na), and biomedicine where indicated.

5

Regular reassessment and progress monitoring

For CP the minimum course is 2–3 months; regular GMFM measurements show progress in points — supporting evidence-based decisions on adjusting the plan and moving on to the next stage.

Important information

Indications and contraindications

Indications

Initial assessment of children with CP (all forms, rehabilitation phase) — the key indication
Motor developmental delay
Tone abnormalities (hypertonia, hypotonia, dystonia)
Muscle weakness, gait and coordination disorders
Weakness in fine motor skills
Comorbid CP in children with ASD, global developmental delay, post-encephalopathy
Oral-motor problems of CP etiology (oral-motor section)
Stage-by-stage reassessment during a rehabilitation course

Contraindications

Acute infections
Fever above 37.1 °C
Severe decompensated somatic conditions
Application

What diagnoses it helps with GMFM — Gross Motor Function Measure

Aphasia

Aphasia

Loss of previously acquired speech or impaired comprehension due to damage to the brain's language areas.

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CP

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

A group of persistent motor disorders caused by non-progressive brain damage during the perinatal period.

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Chewing

Weak chewing and sucking difficulties

Reduced strength and coordination of the mouth muscles affecting chewing of solid foods and — in infancy — sucking.

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Coordination

Coordination and Balance Disorders

Impairments of vestibular balance, limb coordination, and control of the body in space.

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Drooling

Drooling

Constant or episodic leakage of saliva from the mouth due to weak control of the mouth muscles and swallowing.

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Dysarthria

Dysarthria

Articulation and motor speech difficulties due to abnormal tone and coordination of the articulatory muscles.

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Dysphagia

Dysphagia (swallowing impairments)

Impairments of the swallowing act in children — choking, slowed bolus transit, risk of aspiration.

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Epilepsy

Epilepsy as a comorbid condition

Epileptic seizures in children with ASD, CP, or post-encephalopathic conditions - requires coordinated management and rehabilitation.

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Fine motor

Weak Fine Motor Skills

Impairments of fine hand and finger movements affecting grasp, writing, tool use, and self-care.

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Gait

Gait Disorders

Atypical walking patterns — spastic, ataxic, paretic, toe-walking, and other features.

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GDD

Global Developmental Delay

A delay across several developmental domains at once — speech, motor function, cognition, and emotions.

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Motor delay

Motor Developmental Delay

Delayed achievement of key motor milestones — rolling, sitting, crawling, standing, walking.

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Muscle tone

Muscle Tone Disorders

Hypertonia, hypotonia, and mixed muscle tone disorders in young children and older.

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Muscle weakness

Limb Muscle Weakness

Reduced muscle strength in the upper or lower limbs, affecting motor milestones and self-care skills.

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Encephalopathy

Post-Encephalopathic Period

Rehabilitation after encephalopathy — restoring brain function, motor abilities, speech, and cognition.

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